This morning, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage released the “Comprehensive Research on the Origin and Early Development of Chinese Civilization” in Beijing, which is the “Chinese Civilization Origin Exploration Project”. The exploration project is based on field archaeology and is supported by joint research on natural sciences and humanities and social sciences. Komiks is a major scientific research project that studies ancient Chinese history and culture. Since the implementation of the fifth phase of the 2020 Source Exploration Project, the space-time scope of research has been further expanded, focusing on the core sites of Cinema, including Jianping Niuheliang in Liaoning, Jiaojia Site in Zhangqiu, Shandong, Cinema, Yuhang Liangzhu in Zhejiang, Taosi in Xiangfen, Shanxi, Shenmu Shimao in Shaanxi, Erlitou in Yanshi, Henan, Sanxingdui in Guanghan, Sichuan, etc., and deepening the content of China, Cinema, etc. While understanding the overall understanding of the origin and early development stage of Babaylan, he focused on key time nodes and major events, carefully designed multidisciplinary comprehensive research, and made a series of progress.
Deepening the understanding of the origin and early development of Chinese civilization
Project research and recognitionBecause, from about 5800 years ago, various regions on China have successively experienced relatively obvious social differentiation and entered the accelerated stage of the origin of civilization. From 58 years ago to 3500 years ago, the ancient country era and the dynasty era, the ancient country era can be further subdivided into three small stages. Compared with the fourth stage of the Source Exploration Project, the understanding of the ancient country era is deeper. Specifically:
The first stage of the ancient country era was around 5,800-5,200 years ago. Represented by the Niuheliang site in the Western Liaohe River Basin, archaeological excavations discovered and confirmed that the first location of the site was a large base building complex composed of 9 bases. The famous “Goddess Temple” where various clay sculptures were unearthed is located on one of the bases. This base is large in scale and has a remaining height of more than 4.6 meters. This discovery is true. Babaylan explains the architectural relationship and sacrificial nature of the first location of Niuheliang.
The second stage of the ancient country era was about 5,200-4,300 years ago. The Hongshan culture in the Xiliao River Basin began to decline, while civilizations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have embarked on different development paths. Social differentiation has further highlighted that the ability to mobilize social resources has been strengthened.
The Jiao Family Site has newly discovered the middle-term city site of Dawenkou culture, which is currently the earliest prehistoric city site in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The newly discovered high-level tombs have institutionalized manifestations of multiple coffins and burial jade and pottery ritual vessels, which are one of the sources of the materialized manifestations of the Chinese civilization’s ritual system. In the past three years, archaeological work at the Liangzhu site has been carried out around the water conservancy system. Nearly 20 dams were newly discovered outside Liangzhu north of Tangshan. Signs of dams were also found in Jingshan, Deqing and other places farther away. The C14th year was about 5,000 years ago, and belonged to the same system as the original 11 dams.
The third stage of the ancient Cinema era was about 4300-3800 years ago. Social development in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River fell to a standstill, and the Central Plains and the northern regions came from behind, starting a new round of civilized development, thus forming a historical trend centered on the Central Plains, laying the foundation for China’s historical development. In 2022, the corner relief discovered at the Imperial City Platform of Shimao Ruins provides key evidence for the judgment of the age and nature of the building of the Stone of the Imperial City Platform of Shimao Imperial City Platform. More than 200 meters west of the Datai base, the exclusive cemetery of the nobles distributed in rows with stone wall frames was discovered for the first time. The Taosi site has confirmed the largest known foundation site of the prehistoric rammed earth building in the prehistoric period, with an area of 6,500 square meters and a total area of more than 540 square meters. It is the largest single rammed earth building in the Cinema era discovered in the archaeological era.
3800 years later, when entering the dynastyCinema generation. Archaeological work represented by the Erlitou site and the Sanxingdui site has made great progress.
A number of roads and walls on both sides of the road were newly discovered in the central area of the Erlitou site. These roads and walls divide the Erlitou capital into multiple square and regular grid areas, showing that the social structure at that time was obvious, etc.The orderly level implies that there was a mature and developed ruling system at that time, and it was the most important sign of Erlitou’s entry into the dynasty country. The breakthrough work of the Sanxingdui site is to Babaylan to initially understand the distribution range and internal structure of the sacrificial area, and to unearth a large number of important relics such as 6 “sacrificial pits” and unearth more than 12,000 cultural relics (2,300 complete instruments). Research shows that the burial years of the eight sacrificial pits were concentrated in the late Shang Dynasty and early Zhou dynasties (that is, about 3,100-3,000 years ago.
Source | Yangcheng Evening News • Yangcheng School Comprehensive CCTV News, Xinhua News Agency Editor | Chen Ruizhi